WILLEMSTAD - The water quality in Curaçao’s bays deteriorates significantly during the rainy season, posing risks to the health of nearby coral reefs, according to research by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) and the University of Amsterdam.
The study found that rainfall and runoff during the wet season lead to increased discharge of pollutants—such as nutrients, pesticides, and pharmaceutical residues—into the ocean. Notably, during the 2023 El Niño event, peaks in so-called xenobiotic substances (chemicals not naturally found in the environment) were detected, particularly in Piscadera Bay.
“Chemical pollution in the bays affects the ecological balance of coral reefs, causing excessive algal blooms and disrupting photosynthesis. Over time, these disturbances can reduce biodiversity and weaken the reefs’ resilience,” NIOZ stated.
The scientists advocate for better monitoring and more effective management measures, including improved wastewater treatment and reduced land-based runoff. Given the expected increase in extreme weather events, the researchers stress the importance of mapping the impact on marine ecosystems to safeguard their future.