WILLEMSTAD - Groundwater in Curaçao is heavily contaminated due to leaking cesspits, inadequate sewage systems, and the reuse of treated wastewater. This was revealed in a new scientific study conducted by Wageningen and Delft universities as part of the Sealink project under the NWO Caribbean research program. 

The study analyzed groundwater composition over four consecutive rainy seasons between 2020 and 2024, examining the presence of E. coli, major and trace elements, and the impact of human activities. Researchers found elevated nitrate levels in densely populated areas, indicating leakage from cesspits and septic tanks. 

Curaçao faces unique challenges due to its high population density, limited rainfall, and high evaporation rates, making the island highly dependent on groundwater, particularly for agriculture and industry. However, only 19% of the population is connected to a centralized sewage system, leaving the majority reliant on outdated and leaking containment systems. 

While researchers warn that contamination levels are concerning, they also note that wastewater has contributed to an increase in groundwater supply in certain areas. This delicate balance between groundwater availability and pollution underscores the island’s ongoing vulnerability.